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H. AIKEN, P. W. WOOD 8: H. H. CAMPBELL. OPEN HEARTH'PURNAGB.

No. 481,885. Patented Aug.-80, 1892.7

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H. AIKEN, F. W. WOOD & H. H. CAMPBELL.

k. I I OQEN HEARTH FURNACE.

No. 481,885. Patented Aug. 30 1892.

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HENRY AIKEN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, FREDERICK WV. WVOOD, OFBALTIMORE, MARYLAND, AND HARRY H. CAMPBELL, OF STEELTON, PENN SYLVANIA.

OPEN-HEARTH FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,885, dated August30, 1892.

Application filed January 29, 1892. Serial No. 419,665. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY AIKEN, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county,Pennsylvania, FREDERICK W. W001), of Baltimore, Maryland, and HARRY H.CAMPBELL, of Steelton,

in the county of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a newand useful Improvementin Open-Hearth F u rnaces,of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact de- IO scription, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal section of thefurnace on the line I I of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a crosssection on the lineII II of Fig. 1.

Our invention consists in a furnace of improved construction set uponrockers and adapted to be tipped for the purpose of pouring the slag andmetal. It is,especially applicable to open-hearth furnaces, and its useresults in a great saving of labor and time as compared with furnacesordinarily used. The furnace is simple in construction, is strong, isoperated with safety,and is efficient-in performingthe work for which itis designed. Its advantages as compared with prior constructions will beappreciated by those skilled in the art.

In the drawings, 44 represents the hearth of an open-hearth furnace,which is built upon a metal framework of plates 3 and curved parallelrocker-bars 4, which are secured to the plates 3 by vertical webs 5 andbracingplates 6. We show in the drawings three of these rocker-barsplaced suitable distances apart. Then the furnace is in position foruse, the rocker-bars rest upon series of movable ant-ifriction-rollers7, which are set between the lateral confining-plates 9 of curved rails8, constituting a supporting-cradle, the rails 8 being supported on afoundation 10, as shown. These rollers are not journaled in stationarybearings, but are capable of traveling laterally somewhat when thefurnace is tipped, as hereinafter described. Thehearth 2 is providedwith a suitable lining 11, and upon the hearth are built the furnace-walls 12,surmountedbyaroof 13,the wallsbeing preferably incasedin a metallic jacket and the roof being provided with amarginalinclosing frame 14, which is secured to the walls. On opposite sides ofthe furnace are ports 15 for the admission and exit of the heating-gasesand charging-doors 16. At the end of the furnace, toward which it isoscillatory, is an opening provided with a spout 17, which is suitablylined to resist the action of the molten metal and slag.

The purpose of setting the furnace on rockers in the manner abovedescribed is to permit it to be oscillated with a limited range ofmovement, and the curvature of the rockers is such that the center ofoscillation shall be about the middle of the opposite ports 15. Thefurnace is so set, as shown in Fig. 1, that said ports shall be directlyopposite and adjacent to the ends of fines 18, which lead from and tothe regenerators from which gas and air are admitted and to which theproducts of combustion are passed with a reversing action in the mannercommon in operating ope'n- 7o hearth furnaces. By thus having the centerof oscillation opposite these fines the connection of the furnace withthe regenerators is preserved in every position. The materials of thefurnace are so disposed, as shown in the drawings, that the center ofgravity shall be below the center of oscillation. This is an importantfactor of safety, and the result is that if the tipping mechanism of thefurnace should break or get out of order the furnace will not tend toupset, but will of itself assume or remain in a stable position.

In order to tip the furnace, we prefer to employ the mechanism shown inFig. 2. This consists of a hydraulic cylinder 19, Whose plunger 20 isprovided with a cross-head 21, connected by a link or links 22 withtherockerframe of the furnace, so that by moving said plungerlongitudinally the furnace may be tipped on its rockers within a limitedarc, and thus caused to discharge the molten slag or metal from thehearth.

The construction ofapparatus which We have shown and described is formany reasons desirable on account of its simplicity and dura bilityofconstruction and the ease with which it can be operated, but within thescope of the claims changes may be made in the construction andarrangement of the parts without variance from our invention.

The operation of the apparatus when used in the manufacture ofopen-hearth steel by the basic process maybe as follows: The furnacebeing in the horizontal position illustrated in the drawings, and beingproperly heated, is charged with metal, and the operations of the basicprocess are carried on in the usual way. Near the end of the operationbasic materialsuch as limestone, dolomite, &c.is introduced into thefurnace and forms a slag which acts in dephosphorizing the metal. Assoon as this dephosphorization has proceeded to the finish, instead ofrabbling out the slag as heretofore we tip the furnace on its rockers bymeans of the cylinder 19, and thereby discharge the slag through thespout 17 into a ladle 23, placed beneath the spout to receive the same.The furnace may then be restored to its horizontal position, the heatingaction is kept up as long as required, and then in order to dischargethe metal the furnace is again tipped and the metal poured out throughthe spout. It should be understood, however,

that, if desired, the metal maybe withdrawn immediately after pouringthe slag.

The use of the ant-ifriction-rollers in connection with the rockers is avaluable feature of the apparatus, in that it affords a very strong andsafe means for supporting the furnace and affords little friction toresist the tipping action of the cylinder.

\Ve claim-- 1. A metallurgical furnace having rockers on which it can betipped, a supporting-cradle, laterally-movable antifriction-rollersbetween the rockers and cradle, and a dischargingspout at the end of thefurnace toward which it is oscillatory, substantially as and for thepurposes described.-

2. A metallurgical furnace having rockers on which it can be tipped, asupporting-cradle comprising curved rails having lateralconfining-plates, antifriction-rollers set on the rails between saidplates, and means for tipping the furnace, substantially as and for thepurposes described. 7

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 6th day ofJanuary, A. D. 1892.

HENRY AIKEN. FREDERICK WV. \VOOD. HARRY H. CAMPBELL. \Vitnesses as tosignature of Henry Aiken:

H. M. CORWIN, JAS. A. GAYTONS. \Vitnesses as to signature of F. XV.\Vood:

I-I. NELSON CRANE, NV. ERNEST BURGESS. Witnesses as to signature of H.H. Cam pbell' HENRY SOUTHER, J12, FRANK S. REITZEL.

